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Z.DOC: What we know so far about the DSZ transfer engine ____________________________________________________________________________ PROGRAM: DSZ.COM External Protocol Driver, Borland Turbo-C Version PROGRAM: DSZ.EXE External Protocol Driver, Microsoft-C LIB Version PROGRAM: GSZ.EXE External Protocol Driver, graphic display Version ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- PURPOSE: High-performance File Transfer Engines ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- DESCRIPTION: DSZ is a State-of-the-Art File Transfer Engine that functions as a DOS Console Terminal or, as an External Transfer Protocol Driver for sending and receiving Files. GSZ is functionally equivalent to DSZ.EXE with the addition of graphics. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEATURES: T Zmodem Batch-T DOS Telecommunications Console A Zmodem Batch-Z with RLE compression for ASCII W Zmodem Batch-W with sliding window for TELENET R Zmodem Batch-R with automatic Crash Recovery M Zmodem Batch with MobyTurbo enhanced throughput Z Zmodem Batch with 32-bit CRC error correction B Ymodem Batch with 16-bit CRC error correction Y Xmodem-1k /CRC /CheckSum /-G error correction X Xmodem /CRC /CheckSum /-O error correction G Ymodem Batch-G for hardware error correction ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- PERFORMANCE: Observed Throughput ( avg ZIP File Size = 100 Kb ) CCITT V.22bis 2400 Bps STD Modem 233 +/- 5 c.p.s. ZMODEM-m transfer ZIP Files, CONNECT 2400 230 +/- 5 c.p.s. ZMODEM-Z transfer ZIP Files, CONNECT 2400 213 +/- 5 c.p.s. ZMODEM-Z transfer ZIP Files through Telenet 2400 108 +/- 5 c.p.s. ZMODEM-Z transfer ZIP Files through Telenet 1200 CCITT V.22bis 2400 Bps "MNP" OR V.42/V.42 bis Modem 280 +/- 5 c.p.s. YMODEM-G transfer ZIP Files, CONNECT 2400 MNP 275 +/- 5 c.p.s. ZMODEM-m transfer ZIP Files, CONNECT 2400 MNP 223 +/- 5 c.p.s. YMODEM-G transfer ZIP Files through Telenet 2400 MNP 113 +/- 5 c.p.s. YMODEM-G transfer ZIP Files through Telenet 1200 MNP throughput values will be about 2% less for V.42/V.42 bis transfers CCITT V.32/HST 9600 Bps "MNP" OR V.42/V.42 bis Modem 1140 +/- 15 c.p.s. YMODEM-G transfer ZIP Files, CONNECT 9600 MNP 1130 +/- 15 c.p.s. ZMODEM-m transfer ZIP Files, CONNECT 9600 MNP 1050 +/- 15 c.p.s. ZMODEM-Z transfer ZIP Files, CONNECT 9600 MNP throughput values will average 2% less for V.42/V.42 bis transfers CCITT V.32 bis/HST 14400 Bps "MNP" OR V.42/V.42 bis Modem 1728 +/- 20 cps YMODEM-G transfer ZIP Files, CONNECT 14400 MNP 1690 +/- 20 cps ZMODEM-m transfer ZIP Files, CONNECT 14400 MNP 1650 +/- 20 cps ZMODEM-Z transfer ZIP Files, CONNECT 14400 MNP throughput values will average 2% less for V.42/V.42 bis transfers ______________________________________________________________________________ CHARACTERISTICS DSZ.COM : Compiled with Borland Turbo-C run-time Library. the COM Driver uses less memory than EXE Driver the COM Driver executes when both are on d:\path DSZ.EXE : Cross-compiled using the Microsoft "C" Library. the EXE Driver does not support MS-DOS "SHARE" the EXE Driver uses table-driven look up of CRCs the EXE Driver uses different run-time routines use the EXE driver @9600 and up with slow CPU's _______________________________________________________________________________ AUTHOR: Charles A. "Chuck" Forsberg Omen Technology, Inc. ADDRESS: 17505-V Northwest Sauvie Island Road Portland, Oregon USA 97231 REGISTRATION: Enables advanced features of DSZ, and provides the author with funding for new development. For VISA/MC Registrations, call (503) 621-3406 ($5.00 fee charged for credit card registration) US & CANADA: Mail $20.00 to Omen Technology Inc P.O. Box 4681 Portland, Oregon USA 97208-4681 Price includes 5-1/4" disk. Add $5.00 for 3-1/2" disk. Also add $5.00 for shipping & handling unless your full payment accompanies your order. OVERSEAS: Mail $25.00 to Omen Technology Inc P.O. Box 4681 Portland, Oregon USA 97208-4681 Price includes 5-1/4" disk. Add $5.00 for 3-1/2" disk. Also add $5.00 for shipping & handling unless your full payment accompanies your order. (U.S. funds) ______________________________________________________________________________ DSZ COMMAND LINE SYNTAX DSZ [parameters] [numeric parameters] command [-options] [File] SYNTAX: The DSZ command line is lengthy, cAsE SeNsItIvE and position dependent. Although the parameters and options provide advanced features and enable operation with a variety of modems and transmission mediums, all configuration of the driver is done from the DOS command line or environment. To realize the full potential of DSZ, one should make Batch Files to act as receivers and transmitters. Using numeric parameters and command -options, receivers and transmitters are fine tuned. NOTE: Some features are not enabled in unregistered copies of DSZ. USAGE: DSZ [port n] [speed s] [ha x] [est 0 b] [d/D] [pB8192] command [-options] ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES (** = registration required) ** SET DIRRX=d:\path specifies a directory to receive to ** SET DIRRX=d:\path\ specifies absolute receive directory SET DSZFILES=File1 File2 File3 specifies Filename(s) to send batch ** SET DSZLOG=d:\path\DSZ.LOG specifies log File name and location ** SET DSZOPT=ty8g specifies global command line options SET DSZPORT=2 specifies serial port for operations SET MAXBYTES=1024000 specifies maximum bytes per transfer SET ZONE=420 specifies minutes behind GMT for PST ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMAND LINE PARAMETERS CON specifies redirection to the DOS console CON: use this parameter when operating in CTTY mode alternatively, use >CON >PRN or >NUL at the end of a command line to redirect the display. use >filespec to "capture" console data to a disk File - press ALT-X (after RXD modem LED stops glowing) to end capturing data. the default device is CON:, unless redirected NOTE: The CON parameter must be the first parameter on the command line except when used with PcAnywhere. port n specifies the COMn: serial communications port n = 1,2,3,4 for IBM PC/XT and PC/AT computers n = 10,11,12,13 for IBM PS/2 computer systems alternatively, SET DSZPORT=n in AUTOEXEC.BAT the default communications port n = 1 for COM1 speed s opens the COMn: serial port with Bps Rate = s s = 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200 or, use MODE COMn:,s,N,8,1,- in AUTOEXEC.BAT the default Bps Rate is initialized by MS-DOS ha x enables hardware and/or software handshaking x ha bo enables XON/XOFF and RTS/CTS handshake ha on specifies RTS/CTS hardware handshaking ha slow specifies RTS/CTS, drops RTS when writing to the disk. ha cts specifies CTS (5) hardware handshaking ha dsr specifies DSR (6) hardware handshaking ha dcd specifies DCD (8) hardware handshaking the default handshaking is XON/XOFF for Zmodem and Ymodem Batch or, no handshaking for Xmodem Zmodem MobyTurbo requires ha on or ha cts est 0 b estimates Batch Transfer times for Bps Rate b Use this parameter to achieve better estimates of Batch Transfer times when the port is setup for a fixed speed and the modem Bps is lower. syntax: est filesize Baudrate the default estimate is based upon the speed s a filesize of 0 causes DSZ to use the actual DOS file size when calculating the transfer time. NOTE: The estimate parameter must follow port, speed, and handshake parameters, when used. d disables checking DCD (8) for a CARRIER - this is useful for operating in terminal mode before a CARRIER is present, and for direct connections. the default check DCD (8) for a CARRIER is ON. D enables checking DCD (8) for a CARRIER and it will drop DTR (20) if CARRIER is not detected: useful for a BBS or other HOST installation. This is DSZ's default mode when not specified otherwise. A Use with DSZ.EXE and PcAnywhere to suspend PcAnywhere operations during file transfers. The [A] parameter must appear first on the command line. Start all DSZ transfers on the PcAnywhere Host first. F Use with 16550 UARTS to leave the FIFO buffer enabled after DSZ exits. The [F] parameter must preceed the port statement on the command line. restrict Since DSZ has the ability to transfer a full path specification, bbs sysops will want to place this command in their DSZ Zmodem/Ymodem receivers to lock out intentionally misdirected files. The [restrict] command restricts incoming pathnames to the current D:\path and prohibits the overwriting of any existing files. It also causes incomplete files to be deleted and blocks transfers having file names of AUTOEXEC.BAT and COMMAND.COM. The restrict command should be placed immediately preceeding the rz statement on the command line. o Used in "tty" terminal mode to disconnect by dropping DTR before exiting to DOS with the F1 function key. Requires that your modem be capable of responding to toggling of the DTR pin. ie: DSZ t o pB8192 sets aside 8k of RAM as a Disk Buffer for DSZ Legal values are 1024 through 16384 in DSZ.EXE Use 1024 through 4096 with DSZ.COM. Use this parameter to minimize Disk Read/Write activity for operations at or below 2400 Bps. the default Disk Buffer is 1024 bytes for DSZ Do not use the pB buffer at speeds above 2400 bps except on fast drives and ramdisks. NOTE: Certain device drivers, memory managers, caches and TSR programs can interfere with DSZ operations and may have to be removed if interrupt conflicts surface. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMAND LINE NUMERIC PARAMETERS The Driver is rich with timing adjustments and alternative configuration options. p Use DSZ d p t to display numeric parameters z p Use DSZ d z p t to display "zmodem" params p z p Use DSZ d p z p t to display all DSZ numeric parameters and their default values. NOTE: Numeric parameters are specified by p_ values, and "zmodem" numeric parameters by z p_ . DSZ supports many protocols, "zmodem" being just one of them. Numeric parameters are generally specified at the end of a parameter list, before a command. To get an accurate report of parameters on the command line, use p or z p last, as in: EXAMPLE: DSZ D pB8192 p z pL1024 pw4096 p sz -k *.* which displays an accurate report of the pB_ numeric parameter and the pL_ and pw_ "zmodem" numeric parameters. p_ NUMERIC PARAMETERS pB8192 creates an 8 Kilobyte Disk Buffer for DSZ. Use this parameter to minimize Disk Read/Write activity for operations at or below 2400 Bps. the default Disk Buffer is 1 Kilobyte for DSZ use values between 1024 and 16384 (1-16k). NOTES: The pB8192 parameter is applicable to both the .COM and .EXE Driver in circa 1990 and later versions. Previously it was not applicable to the DSZ.EXE driver or recommended above 2400 bps. The pB8192 parameter may be experimented with at >2400 bps speeds when used in conjunction with fast hard disks or a non-conflicting ramdisk. Maximum buffer size in DSZ.COM is 4096 bytes. pO0 controls Xmodem "OverThruster" File transfers EXAMPLES OF OVERTHRUSTER CONFIGURATION pO-512 CompuServe XMODEM-Ovth DSZ pO-512 ro Filename.ext Negative numbers up to a system dependent value less than the protocol block size increase throughput. Note that the number is negative (-) Tune the pO_ parameter for a specific Host computer. Try pO-512 for CompuServe as the standard setting. Retry 0: Received dup Sector - reduce parameter pO_ . pO60 XMODEM/-1k/-Ovth DSZ pO60 rx -o Filename.ext Positive numbers up to a system dependent value less than the protocol block size increase throughput. Tune the pO_ parameter for a specific Host computer. Try pO60 for 2400 Bps MNP as the standard setting. Retry 0: Received dup Sector - reduce parameter pO_ . pO60 YMODEM/-1k/-Ovth DSZ pO60 rb -o Parameter pO_ is useful for tuning a CRC-16 receiver to one particular Host and transmission medium. NOTES: The idea behind -Ovth is for the receiver to transmit an ACK for Block a few ticks before all 1,024 bytes come in. Fiddling with the pO_ parameter, positive/negative values show different effects with different modems and mediums. "OverThruster" is an "advance ACK" configured receiver. Varying the pO_ parameter eeks out the last few c.p.s. possible for CRC-16 based, Xmodem/-1k and Ymodem-K Batch. This is when you get down to configuring a receiver for a particular Host... like, she's got to have it. Because -o closes the "artificial window" between sender and receiver, errors encountered during transfers will cause the transfer to catastrophically abort. Whenever hardware error correction is available, the -g "Gonzomode" is the fastest way to receive compressed files. OverThruster is only available for Xmodem transfers. pS15 timeout in seconds to wait after receiving the XOFF (CTRL-S) character or, after CTS went low. the default wait for handshake is 15 seconds. NOTE: Use CTRL-Break to unlock Receiver Console after receiving an XOFF (CTRL-S). pG_ Controls the number of bytes loaded into the 16-byte FIFO buffer on 16550 UARTs. DSZ fills all 16 bytes by default. Reducing this value may help some cheap MNP modems better handle flow control. Setting this parameter pG0 effectively disables the UART buffer entirely. NOTE: Once data has been handed off to the UART it is sent on to the modem regardless of the status of the CTS pin. Some poorly designed (read cheap) modems cannot accept a few additional bytes after they exert FLOW control. pQ_ Forces a user specified error code to be returned to DOS upon completion of a file transfer. Normally a successful transfer returns an error code of 0. ie: DSZ pQ-1 sz myfile.zip forces an error code of 1 at the end of the transfer. pV_ When set to a value of 1, Forces DSZ.COM and GSZ to use direct video when writing to the screen instead of BIOS calls. Speeds up displays. Typical syntax: GSZ pV1 rz Default value is 0, and is not supported in DSZ.EXE pW_ Wait for <enter> key to be hit before exiting after an error (registered copies only). DSZ pW1 sz myfile. Default value is 0 (exit immediately). pY_ Control byte for the FCR register in 16550 UARTS. Setting pY129 may improve DESQview operation when multiple DSZ sessions are active. It is suggested that a 16550 UART applications manual be consulted before tinkering with the FCR register. pa2000 CPU calibration for Xmodem and Ymodem 8088-05 pa4000 CPU calibration for Xmodem and Ymodem 8086-08 pa6000 CPU calibration for Xmodem and Ymodem 80286-08/1 pa8000 CPU calibration for Xmodem and Ymodem 80286-10/1 pa10000 CPU calibration for Xmodem and Ymodem 80386-16/1 pa12000 CPU calibration for Xmodem and Ymodem 80386-20/1 NOTES: the default pa_ timing is 2000 for a PC/XT i.d. the default pa_ timing is 6000 for a PC/AT i.d. NOTE WELL: --> it is unlikely that tinkering with these default timings will provide any additional throughput. pd1 enables sending File Date Header information, the default Batch transfer timestamp method. pd0 disables sending File Date Header information, and uses current (receiver) date for new Files. DSZ pd0 sz myfile.zip may provide a marginal increase in observed throughput of small files. pv0 disables DSZ "trace" mode, the default setting pv1 rings console BEL at the end of File transfers pv2 enables DSZ "trace" mode, displays Sector info pz0 time zone in minutes behind GMT world standard pz300 time zone in minutes behind GMT for EST Zone pz360 time zone in minutes behind GMT for CST Zone pz420 time zone in minutes behind GMT for PST Zone alternatively, SET ZONE=nnn in AUTOEXEC.BAT where nnn = minutes behind GMT z p_ ZMODEM NUMERIC PARAMETERS z pb0 disable sending of BREAK upon transfer error z pb1 enable sending of BREAK upon transfer error, useful for clearing some high-speed modems. z pB2 duration in tenths of a second of the BREAK signal - default is 200 milliseconds. z pC11 number of repetitions of a ZCOMMAND request Unclear if supported in current versions of DSZ. see ZCOMM or PRO-YAM docs for more information. z pe0 disables escape of ASCII control characters, the default setting. z pe1 enables escape of ASCII control characters, useful on certain networks. z pl0 disables wait for ACK for each Zmodem sector, the default setting (free flowing). z pl4096 enables wait for ACK after every 4096 Bytes, transforms Zmodem to -4K Block, CRC-32 Batch. z pL0 enables auto-config of Zmodem Sub-Packets (default) z pL128 configures Zmodem for 128 Byte Sub-Packets z pL256 configures Zmodem for 256 Byte Sub-Packets z pL384 configures Zmodem for 384 Byte Sub-Packets z pL512 configures Zmodem for 512 Byte Sub-Packets z pL1024 configures Zmodem for 1024 Byte Sub-Packets NOTES: Larger Zmodem Sub-Packet sizes give better performance on clear transmission lines. Smaller Zmodem Sub-Packet sizes give better performance on noisy transmission lines. it is convenient to set sub-packet sizes to one-fourth the effective Zmodem "window", as: DSZ z pL256 pw1024 sz [Filespecs] DSZ z pL384 pw1536 sz [Filespecs] DSZ z pL512 pw2048 sz [Filespecs] DSZ z pL1024 pw4096 sz [Filespecs] z pn0 defines the number of ASCII NULL characters sent before each ZDATA frame - useful for FastLink modems, whatever those are. z pp50 timeout in tenths of a second for a receiver to wait for gaps within a packet. Default = 5 sec z pP_ a single lower case "p" following the speed parameter will cause DSZ to report the type of serial port UART detected. 0 = 8250/16450 1 = 16550 2 = 82510 Forcing a value of "1" with z pP1 and placing this ahead of the speed parameter will bypass DSZ's auto UART detect mechanism and may in certain instances permit use of "brain damaged UARTs" z pr0 disables removal of incomplete Files received, the default setting. z pr1 enables removal of incomplete Files received, useful for Host systems: (DSZ z pr1 rz ) z ps15 timeout in seconds to wait after receiving the XOFF (CTRL-S) character or, after CTS went low. the default wait for handshake is 15 seconds. NOTE: Use CTRL-Break to unlock Receiver Console after receiving an XOFF (CTRL-S). z pt100 timeout in tenths of a second for a receiver to wait for a packet or acknowledgement from the sender. The default is 10 seconds. z pT600 timeout in tenths of a second for the sender to wait for a packet or acknowledgement from the receiver. The default is 60 seconds. z pw0 disable "window" flowing ACK from receiver, the default setting (free-flowing). z pw2048 enable "window" 2 Kb for Telenet 1200 Bps, requesting the receiver to send an ACK every 512 Bytes received. z pw4096 enable "window" 4 Kb for Telenet 2400 Bps, requesting the receiver to send an ACK every 1024 Bytes received. NOTES: Larger Zmodem "windows" increase performance but may cause excessive XOFF delays or loss of data inside the network - to minimize the frequency of XOFFs on Telenet, use: SET? 0:33,35:10,41:1,64:4 <cr> at the outdial PAD before transmitting Files. the z pw_ parameter is applicable to the Zmodem sender, as in: DSZ z pw4096 sz Files. the -wN option over-rides "z pw_" parameter. z pW1400 defines the number of characters the Zmodem receiver will eat when looking for the start of a new frame. NOTE: Increase z pW_ to tune error recovery for networks with a large "window" of in-transit packets. "Garbage Count Exceeded" errors indicate that z pW_ is too low. z pZ0 the number of minutes to adjust a File date when using TELINK or CLINK protocols to transfer a File between time zones. ____________________________________________________________________________ TRANSFER PROTOCOL CONFIGURATIONS COMMANDS TRANSMITTERS (** = registration required) sz File(s) Send Zmodem Batch [filespecs] to a Receiver. or sz @D:FILES.LST Send Zmodem Batch [filespecs] specified with the ASCII File "FILES.LST" located on d:\path to a Receiver. Valid delimiters for Filespecs within "FILES.LST" are a SPACE, TAB, or CR/LF. Mind the use of the "@" character. Alternatively, Files can be specified by using SET DSZFILES=d:\path\FILE1.ZIP FILE2.ZIP (etc) in the AUTOEXEC.BAT File. ** sz -S File(s) Send Zmodem Batch [filespecs] to a Receiver and interrogate the RECEIVING program for its serial number. The serial number received will then be saved in the performance log, DSZ.LOG. sz -m File(s) Send Zmodem batch [filespecs] to a Receiver, using MobyTurbo throughput enhancement. Helps achieve nearly the same throughput as Ymodem-G with the added benefit of CRC-32 error checking. RTS/CTS handshaking required (ha on). ** sz -Z File(s) Send Zmodem Batch [filespecs] to a Receiver, using "RLE" compression. This reduces the time required to transmit ASCII Files; there is no benefit when sending ZIP type Files. Cannot be used in conjunction with MobyTurbo mode (-m). sz -w File(s) Send Zmodem Batch [filespecs] to a Receiver, using a "sliding window" - forcing a Receiver to transmit an acknowledgement to the Sender every window /4 bytes. This feature is useful for sending Files over Telenet. sz -k File(s) Send Zmodem Batch [filespecs] to a Receiver, using 1,024 byte packets instead of auto-shift. May increase average throughput by a few cps on small files. No effect on files >100 kb. ** sb -k File(s) Send Ymodem-1K or Ymodem-1K-G the Filespecs to a Receiver. The Receiver determines CRC or -G error correction method. The Sender determines 128 byte or 1,024 byte (-1K) packet size. sx -k File Send Xmodem-1k or Xmodem-1k-G [filespecs] to a Receiver. The Receiver determines CRC, Sum, or -G error correction method. The Sender sets the Xmodem packet size. Xmodem-1K-C is often incorrectly called Ymodem/CRC . sx File Send Xmodem/CRC or Xmodem/Sum [filespecs] to a Receiver. The Receiver determines CRC, Sum, or -O error correction method. COMMANDS RECEIVERS rz -y Receive Zmodem Batch and overwrite an existing File with the same name. ** rz -y d:\path Receive Zmodem Batch and overwrite an existing File with the same name on directory d:\path REGISTRATION REQUIRED for the d:\path feature. ** Alternatively, a Receive pathspec is specified by using SET DIRRX=d:\path in AUTOEXEC.BAT rz -m Receive Zmodem Batch using MobyTurbo mode for faster transfer times. Specifying -m to the receiver will force a DSZ transmitter to use MobyTurbo unless transmitter is restricted -M also requires RTS/CTS hardware handshaking. rz -M Receive Zmodem Batch and force the DSZ transmitter to NOT use MobyTurbo mode. Useful with ASCII transfers in conjunction with RLE compression (DSZ rz -MZ) rz -r Receive Zmodem Batch and overwrite an existing File with the same name - starting at the last byte of the existing File ( Crash Recovery ) rz -rr Receive Zmodem Batch (as above) with the additional feature of doing a more thorough check of both files before continuing (Intelligent Crash Recovery) ** rz -Z Receive Zmodem Batch using "RLE" compression. When used on the receiver, will force the DSZ transmitter to use RLE unless restricted. ** rb -y Receive Ymodem Batch and overwrite an existing File with the same name. rc -y File Receive Xmodem/CRC or Xmodem/Sum or Xmodem-1k, overwriting "File" if it already exists. NOTES: ZMODEM uses 32-Bit Cyclical Redundancy Checking YMODEM uses 16-Bit Cyclical Redundancy Checking YMODEM-1k-G requires modem hardware error correction XMODEM uses 16-Bit CRC and falls back CheckSum XMODEM-1k-G requires modem hardware error correction NOTES, contd: both '-G' protocols, Ymodem-1k-G and Xmodem-1k-G require that the modem do the error correction. If one of these '-G' streaming protocols encounters a "hit" the transfer will abort catastrophically. This is why the '-G' streaming protocols cannot be used successfully with non-error correcting modems. COMMANDS RECEIVERS - High Speed MNP, V29, V32, V.32bis Modems ** rb -gy Receive Ymodem Batch-G and overwrite existing File with the same name - use with MNP or V.42 modems- ...the fastest transfer protocol available today. rc -gy File Receive Xmodem-1k-G and overwrite an existing File with the same name - use with MNP or V.42 modems- ro -y File Receive Xmodem-O "Overthruster" and overwrite an existing File. Useful for GEnie Downloads, and Compuserve XMODEM Downloads. ____________________________________________________________________________ COMMAND LINE OPTIONS TRANSMITTER OPTIONS ZMODEM: sz [-MmZSwNfkt8g] [PREFIX=p] [ONAME=n] Filespecs YMODEM: sb [-fkt8g] [PREFIX=p] [ONAME=n] Filespecs XMODEM: sx [-kt8g] Filespec -M disables MobyTurbo mode when given to either the transmitter or the receiver, and overrides -m on the receiver. Option only available with the DSZ Zmodem protocol. -m enables MobyTurbo mode when given to either the transmitter or the receiver except when either transmitter or receiver is restricted -M. This is the fastest way to transfer .ZIP files when using Zmodem. (Moby is a Zmodem option only and requires RTS/CTS handshaking (DSZ ha on rz or DSZ ha on sz ) -S Interrogates the receiving program for its serial number and when obtained, stores this information in the performance log. -Z enables ZMODEM 12-Bit Lempel-Ziv compression of File contents. ...this is the fastest way to transmit ASCII Files, and is much faster than MNP or V.42bis compression. (DSZ Zmodem only) -wN Configure a Zmodem "window" of N bytes, over-riding a ZMODEM z pw_ numeric parameter if also present. The default window is 3072 Bytes for the -w option. -f enables (Batch) send Files to specified d:\path of receiver. -k enables 1 Kb XMODEM or YMODEM Blocks or Zmodem initial packet. RECEIVER OPTIONS ZMODEM: rz [-mMr+npyt8g] [d:\pathspec] [Filespecs] YMODEM: rb [-go+npyt8g] [d:\pathspec] [Filespecs] XMODEM: rc [-gyt8g] Filespec YMODEM/Overthruster: ro [-yt8g] Filespec -m enables MobyTurbo mode enhanced throughput. Use w/Zmodem only. -M disables MobyTurbo mode. Use w/Zmodem only. -r enables automatic Crash Recovery for Zmodem File transfers. -rr enables Intelligent Crash Recovery for DSZ Zmodem transfers. -g enables full-flowing XMODEM or, YMODEM-1K-G File transfers. -o enables "OverThruster" mode for YMODEM-1K-O File transfers. CONSOLE TERMINAL OPTION for TRANSMITTERS and RECEIVERS -yt8g This option will return the Sender or Receiver to terminal mode after a File Transfer. Add this option to Transmitter/Receiver command line or, ** Use SET DSZOPT=yt8g in AUTOEXEC.BAT to make all transfer commands return to the terminal mode after Receiving or Sending File(s). ** Use SET DSZOPT=rt8g in AUTOEXEC.BAT to make all transfer commands return to the terminal mode after Receiving or Sending File(s) with Crash Recovery enabled. Zmodem Terminal mode Receiver RT.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 2400 d pB8192 t -my8g enter RT to go on-line and ALT-X to go off-line (the DOS prompt). Zmodem-Z Console Transceiver SZ.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 2400 D pB8192 sz -mSZty8g %1 %2 %3 enter SZ [Filename]s] at the DOS prompt and use CTRL-Break to abort. Substitute correct port and speed as necessary. after sending Files the Transmitter becomes a Console Receiver. enter ALT-X to go off-line (the DOS prompt) and RT to go on-line. FILE HANDLING OPTIONS -p transfer File if and only if it does not exist on d:\path . -r receiver: recover data to an existing File -r sender: command receiver to recover data to existing File -+ receiver: append data to an existing File -+ sender: command receiver to append data to an existing File sz -+ ONAME=MASTER.LOG *.LOG transmits all .LOG Files from the sender's directory and appends them to File MASTER.LOG on the receiver's directory. -f transmit a full pathspec with the filespec to the receiver. sz -f \path\Filespec sends File to \path\ on remote Dir. unless restricted. Sysops should restrict to prevent files from landing on the wrong directory. sz -y PREFIX=\path\ *.LOG transmits all .LOG Files from the sender's directory and overwrites on remote's \path\ . -n transfer File if newer or non-existent on remote directory. -N transfer File if newer or longer or non-existent on remote. -y receiver: overwrite data over an existing File w/same name -y sender: command receiver to overwrite an existing File -Y transfer File if and only if it exists on remote directory. MISCELLANEOUS OPTIONS -a requests the receiver to adjust Files to ASCII standards. -b inhibits the receiver from altering binary information. -e inhibits Zmodem sender from transmitting control characters. -S interrogates the receiver for his DSZ serial number. -s logs "questionable" aborts from a Zmodem receiver. -u deletes the Filespec(s) sent after transfer is completed. -v enables viewing of data being received during a transfer. -q disables XMODEM and YMODEM "block" status line displays. -zT specify T minutes behind GMT (Greenwich Mean Time) in place of pz parameter value, if also present. ____________________________________________________________________________ CONSOLE (TERMINAL MODE) CONFIGURATION COMMANDS t -y8g DSZ "tty" 8-N-1 Terminal Mode with automatic Zmodem Batch Downloading - Files received are written to the current directory and overwrite an existing File with the same name. t -r8g DSZ "tty" 8-N-1 Terminal Mode with automatic Zmodem Batch Downloading - Files received are written to the current directory and append to an existing File with automatic Crash Recovery. t -gy8g DSZ "tty" 8-N-1 Gonzole Receiver with Zmodem Downloading - Existing files are overwritten, hit F3 to begin Ymodem-1K-G Batch Downloading. NOTES: Use DEVICE=ANSI.SYS in CONFIG.SYS to make a DOS ANSI Console DEVICE. Use ANSI.COM in AUTOEXEC.BAT to make PC Mag's ANSI-IBM Console RESIDENT. Use DEVICE=FCONSOLE.DEV in CONFIG.SYS to make a FANSI-ZMODEM Console Receiver. This DEVICE provides a scroll-back screen buffer that can be saved to disk, enhanced keyboard and video performance, and full ANSI X3.64 emulation. CONTROLS Fkey-1 - exits to DOS (not Shell), with no loss of CARRIER. Fkey-3 - begin to receive Ymodem Batch; Zmodem receive is automatic. NOTE: Use DSZ t -gy8g to enable YMODEM-1K-G auto downloading via Fkey-3. ALT-X - exits to DOS (not Shell), with no loss of CARRIER. ALT-N - aborts DSZ and returns to DOS, but does not drop the CARRIER. ALT-P - toggles 8th bit parity off/on, note 8g is required for ANSI. ALT-H - toggles local echo on, autoLF, and echo/LF off (default). Use this for PC to PC connections. ALT-F - cancels a File being received; a Batch Transfer continues with the next file in sequence. ALT-B - cancels a Batch transfer being received, returns to terminal. CTRL-S - (XOFF) suspends receiving data CTRL-Q - (XON) resumes receiving data CTRL-X - (CAN) cancels receiving data CTRL-Break - cancels any File Transfer then returns to terminal mode. Use to unlock the local console if an XOFF (CTRL-S) is received. SHIFT-PtScr - sends screen display to printer CTRL-PtScr - trace console display on printer EXAMPLES: Zmodem-T Console Receiver RT.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 2400 ha on d pB8192 t -myZ8g Zmodem-R Console Receiver RZ.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 2400 ha on d pB8192 t -rmyZ8g Zmodem-Z Console Transceiver SZ.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 2400 ha on D pB8192 sz -mSZty8g %1 %2 %3 Zmodem-W Console Transceiver SW.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 2400 ha on D pB8192 sz -mZwty8g %1 %2 %3 CONSOLE TERMINAL OPERATION enter RT to go on-line and ALT-X to go off-line (the DOS prompt). enter RZ to go on-line with Zmodem CRC-32 Crash Recovery enabled. enter SZ [Files] at the DOS prompt and use CTRL-Break to abort. enter SW Filespecs at the DOS prompt to transmit "window" Zmodem. Upon completion of a transfer the console is returned to terminal mode, acting effectively as a "transceiver". Loading the program from a virtual (RAM) disk, the transition from DOS console to TTY is so fast that it feels as if "RT" is a DOS "RTTY" mode. To dial enter ATDT1234567 <cr>. To hang up enter three "+++" then wait for your modem's "OK" to appear and type ATH <cr>. There is no software dialer inside DSZ. With hardware dialing it really sings. Software dialing is available from many integrated communications packages: the DSZ "console transceiver" is closer to the DOS console and the Modem device than integrated packages. Rather like a Formula II car with no fenders or bumpers but with a very powerful Zmodem engine behind you. A DSZ console transceiver operator should be aware that his modem responds to typed commands beginning with the prefix "AT" and his console (display / keyboard) responds to "escape sequences", thus "emulating" an American National Standards Institute terminal. With FANSI CONSOLE installed, RT delivers efficient displays and a screen recall buffer. With CED installed, operations from the DOS prompt are facilitated. RT.BAT and associated receivers and transmitters can be fully integrated with DOS by using "CED syn". To capture data enter RT >capture.dat and punch ALT-X after your modem RXD light stops glowing ( no display during capture ). enter RT >>capture.dat to append data to an existing File. CONSOLE STATUS DISPLAY enter DSZ d pv2 p z p t for a detailed console display. DSZ (TurboC) Copyright 01-08-89 by Omen Technology INC "The High Reliability Software" B = 1024 O = 0 Q = 1 S = 15 W = 0 a = 6000 d = 1 v = 2 z = 0 b = 0 B = 2 C = 11 e = 0 l = 0 L = 0 n = 0 p = 50 P = 1 r = 0 s = 15 t = 100 T = 600 w = 0 W = 1400 Z = 0 COM1 2400 bps Carrier Detect DISABLED Handshake Off S/N 12345 DSZOPT = 'Zyt8g' Command line = 'd pv2 p z p t ' Talking 8g. Type F1 to exit. STATUS: the NUMERIC PARAMETERS and ZMODEM PARAMETERS are listed by letter = value. the pv2 parameter enables detail during xfers, including status of Zmodem-W "window" pacing. the port COM1: device was opened (default). the "d" parameter used above has DISABLED the check for DCD (pin 8) Carrier Detect. the hardware Handshake (RTS/CTS) is disabled, XON/XOFF handshaking is in effect for Zmodem and Ymodem Batch transfers by default. environment options DSZOPT=Zyt8g are present. DSZ Terminal mode was invoked with -y option from the environment enabling File over-write. DSZ Terminal mode was invoked with -8g option from the environment enabling high ASCII (the default "parity" of 8n "none" is equivalent to a high-ASCII display filter). CONSOLE INDICATORS & ERROR CODES 2048 ZMODEM CRC-32 XOFF indicates that the sender has received an XOFF from the receiver or a network medium through which he is transmitting. Sector 280 35k YMODEM-1k-g FLOW indicates that CTS (pin 5) is low, suspending transmission to the modem or device until the line goes high. A NORMAL OCCURRENCE when used in conjunction with high speed error-correcting modems! Output Restraint RELEASED indicates that the sender or receiver has not received an XON or CTS (8) high in 15 seconds. NOTES: Use the NUMERIC PARAMETERS pS15 and z ps15 to change the default 15 second timeout for XOFF. Use the NUMERIC PARAMETERS pS15 and z ps15 to change the default 15 second timeout for FLOW. ERROR RECOVERY indicates that sender and receiver are trying to continue the File transfer after an error. ZMODEM Crash Recovery at indicates that the "-r" option was active and the receiver is recovering data in a Filespec. Not allowed to overwrite indicates that the "-y" option was not active and the receiver has attempted to over-write an existing Filespec. File skipped by receiver request indicates that the "-y" option was not active for the receiver and the sender has attempted to transfer an existing Filespec. No such file or directory indicates that the Path/File specified on the command line was nonexistent. Unknown Machine Type XX indicates the pa6000 timing parameter may need to be manually set for your computer. (RARELY) Garbage Count Exceeded indicates the z pW1400 timing parameter should be manually set for this transmission medium. Serial Input Error: Line Status Register XX indicates a general communications failure, as: 01 Receive buffer full - remote not responding to XOFF software or RTS hardware flow control. 02 Data overrun - receiving errors were caused by interrupt latency effects. Upgrade to a 16550AFN UART and/or eliminate TSRs and DEVICEs. This is the most common type of DSZ error. The problem is definitely on the receiving end. 08 Framing error - indicates Bps/Parity mismatch or very high line noise. 10 Break interrupt - also a Bps/Parity mismatch or very high line noise. 18 Framing error &/or Break interrupt - defective UART in the serial I/O port. No Carrier Detect indicates that the ENABLED check for a CARRIER on DCD (pin 8) has found NO CARRIER present. DSZ will exit abruptly. DSZ FINISHED! exit code = 0 indicates the errorlevel returned to DOS after exit from Terminal Mode or completion of File transfer. Errorlevel = 1 for abnormal exit. ____________________________________________________________________________ TRANSMITTER CONFIGURATIONS FOR TELENET Send Zmodem Batch-W Telenet 2400 (CONNECT 2400) SW.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 2400 pB8192 sz -Zw4096 %1 %2 %3 use this command when you are connected 2400 to your local PAD and a Host is CONNECT 2400 from the 2400 out-dial PAD. Send Zmodem Batch-W Telenet 2400 (CONNECT 1200) S3.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 2400 est 0 1200 pB8192 sz -Zw3072 %1 %2 %3 use this command when you are connected 2400 to your local PAD and a Host is CONNECT 1200 from the (2400 or 1200) out-dial PAD. Send Zmodem Batch-W Telenet 1200 (CONNECT 1200) S2.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 1200 pB8192 sz -Zw2048 %1 %2 %3 use this command when you are connected 1200 to your local PAD and a Host is CONNECT 1200 from the 1200 out-dial PAD. NOTES: Larger Zwindows increase transfer performance but may cause excessive XOFF delays from the network. Downloading is more efficient than uploading and Host systems can usually transmit without "-w". TELENET CONFIGURATION PROCEDURES PROCEDURE: to configure Telenet for ZMODEM CRC-32 Batch 1) ATDT7780825 <cr> dial local Telenet PAD 2) @D <cr> link 8-N-1 Telenet PAD 3) D3 <cr> TERMINAL= buffered 12:1 4) C D/TXHOU/24,id,pw request remote PAD link 5) ATZ <cr> clear out-dial modem 6) @ <cr> request Telenet command mode 7) SET? 5:1 <cr> enable XOFF from PAD to you 8) RST? 5:1 <cr> enable XOFF from PAD to host 9) CONT <cr> return to out-dial modem 10) AT*E1 <cr> enable auto-MNP seeking 11) ATDT9611604 <cr> execute auto-dial of number NOTES: ZMODEM "escapes" network commands and can compress data before sending in a continuous flow. Packets adjust in size depending upon Bps and error rates. The receiver checks each packet with a 32-bit CRC, and requests retransmission of data from an exact point should an error occur. When an error does occur, a receiver discards the data flowing in until the requested frame start is found. This "garbage count" is set to 1400 bytes by default and can be made larger if required. When sending, the network will accept a continuous stream of data until an artificial "window" fills, at which time it sends an XOFF (CTRL-S) to stop or slow down (pace) the transmitter. The frequency of XOFF delays is a function of the network loading and the size of the real "window". Zmodem-W File transfers are free-flowing however, the receiver must return an acknowledgment after every window. When the Zmodem window is equal to the real network window, fewer XOFF delays and over-run errors are experienced. The idea behind ZMODEM-W is for the receiver and transmitter to pace themselves rather than having the network set the pace by causing XOFF delays. The Zmodem "-w" option configures a File transfer for a 3 Kb "window" (by default) and can be reset up -w4096 or down -w2048 for precision pacing. A "window" ie: -w4096 usually indicates that free flowing (no -w option) is possible. PROCEDURE: to configure Telenet for YMODEM/-1K/CRC/-G Batch 1) ATDT7780825 <cr> dial local Telenet PAD 2) @D <cr> link 8-N-1 Telenet PAD 3) D3 <cr> TERMINAL= buffered 12:1 4) C D/TXHOU/24,id,pw request remote PAD link 5) ATZ <cr> clear out-dial modem 6) @ <cr> request Telenet command mode 7) SET? 5:1 <cr> enable XOFF from PAD to you 8) RST? 5:1 <cr> enable XOFF from PAD to host 9) SET? 0:33,35:10,64:4 increase artificial window 10) CONT <cr> return to out-dial modem 11) AT*E1 <cr> enable auto-MNP seeking 12) ATDT9611604 <cr> execute auto-dial of number NOTES: YMODEM sends binary data in 128 byte or 1K blocks, and uses a Filespec Header for Batch capability. The YMODEM receiver performs a 16-bit CRC test for each data block, returning an ACK or NAK code to a sender after each block is received and tested. When -w4096 is possible there is YMODEM-1K-G to consider. This is a balls-out protocol, no checks, designed for MNP type modems. Telenet features MNP on all 2400 Bps Lines. Even if your modem is not MNP, enabling the outdial modem's MNP provides hardware error correction whenever a Host uses MNP. Achieving a RELIABLE connect with a Host will often enable his high-speed "-G" protocols. But even so, just firing up a YMODEM-G Receive in response to a YMODEM-1K Sender causes him to go into "-G" mode. From a DSZ t -g Console Receiver, just punch F3. Without error-correction on one or both (PAD) ends, using YMODEM-G can be risky. To be sure, one line hit or extraneous character in the data stream will cause a transfer to abort ( often spectacularly ). Using YMODEM-G pushes the ability of the network to process continuous data at high speeds. Setting SET 0:33,35:10 (equivalent to SET 4:10) commands the network to accumulate data into larger bundles before sending them on. This reduces the frequency of XOFF flow control delays when you upload... but there are unpleasant side-effects on your console. Parameter 0:33,35:2 can be SET from 35:1 to 35:80 Parameter 0:33,64:0 can be SET from 64:0 to 64:8 Parameter 64:4 is called "advance ACK" and defines an "artificial window". Changing the default 64:0 to increase the artificial window size may improve efficiency... but there is some risk of data loss. Tweaking the Telenet default SET? 0:33,35:2,64:0 affects Zmodem-W and Ymodem-G transfer performance. Note that any SET? commands can always be modified after the out-dial modem has established a CONNECT. CAUTION: Note that the RST? command should not be attempted after the out-dial modem has established a CONNECT. PROCEDURE: to configure Telenet for XMODEM/-1K/CRC/Sum/-G 1) ATDT7780825 <cr> dial local Telenet PAD 2) @D <cr> link 8-N-1 Telenet PAD 3) D1 <cr> TERMINAL= video display 4) C D/TXHOU/24,id,pw request remote PAD link 5) ATZ <cr> clear out-dial modem 6) @ <cr> request Telenet command mode 7) SET? 1:0,7:8 <cr> change <cr>@<cr> to BREAK 8) CONT <cr> return to out-dial modem 9) AT*E1 <cr> enable auto-MNP seeking 10) ATDT9611604 <cr> execute auto-dial of number NOTES: XMODEM sends pure binary data in 128 byte or 1 Kb packets. The XMODEM receiver performs a checksum or 16-bit CRC test for each data block, returning an ACK or NAK code to the waiting sender. Because the network medium causes a delay between sender and receiver, the turnaround time required to process an ACK or NAK is considerable. XMODEM with 1 Kb packets (often called Ymodem/CRC), uses 7 less ACK/NAK delays for every 1,024 bytes sent. As in YMODEM-G, the XMODEM-G receiver requests an XMODEM/-1K sender to transmit free-flow. However unlike YMODEM-G, XMODEM does not support XON/XOFF and can garble data by blowing it into Telenet. CAUTION: Because the network command <cr>@<cr> in any data stream would cause an escape to net command mode, change the <cr>@<cr> to a break signal to prevent accidental abort of an XMODEM File transfer. Note further that unless CTRL-Break "send BREAK" functions on your console, using SET 1:0,7:8 will prevent subsequent access to net command mode! PROCEDURE: to configure out-dial Racal-Vadic Modem for MNP 1) ATZ <cr> clear out-dial modem 2) CTRL-E <cr> request Racal-Vadic mode 3) O <cr> request Option Groups menu 4) 2 <cr> request Option Group 2 menu 5) 19 <cr> request Option 19 menu 6) 1 <cr> enable auto-MNP seeking 7) 0 <cr> request Option Group 2 menu 8) 0 <cr> request Option Groups menu 9) 4 <cr> execute changed options 10) D9611604 <cr> execute auto-dial of number 11) R9 <cr> execute auto-redial of number NOTES: Telenet's Racal-Vadic mode presents menus in place of "AT" commands. They are useful for exploring the capabilities of out-dial hardware and for using the built-in auto-dialer. The R-V auto-dialer is faster than the "Hayes" ATDT dialer and provides more information about the call. The R-V hardware redialer will make up to 9 redials. MNP seeking remains enabled until a CONNECT or ATZ. Whether using the above procedure for "Racal-Vadic" or simply using AT*E1 from the "Hayes" mode, note that MNP must be re-enabled after completing a call. Note some 1200 Bps out-dial modems do not have MNP. PROCEDURE: to disconnect from TeleNet and turn off all timers 1) I <cr> request Hayes mode 2) ATZ <cr> clear out-dial modem 3) @ <cr> request Telenet command mode 4) D <cr> request remote PAD unlink 5) +++ request modem command mode 6) ATH <cr> disable carrier ____________________________________________________________________________ EXAMPLES of DSZ USAGE with CCITT V.22bis STANDARD 2400 BPS MODEMS Zmodem Console Receiver RT.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 2400 d pB8192 t -8g Zmodem-Z Console Transmitter ST.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 2400 sz -Zt8g %1 %2 %3 Standard 2400 Bps CCITT V.22bis Modems can achieve 228 +/- 5 c.p.s. throughput on ZIP Files using the DSZ Zmodem Driver. TRANSMITTERS (typical batch files for use alone or as external drivers with another communications program) Send Zmodem Batch CRC-32/RLE SZ.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 2400 pB8192 sz -Z %1 %2 %3 Send Zmodem Batch Mobyturbo SZ.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 2400 ha on pB8192 sz -m %1 %2 %3 Send Ymodem Batch/CRC-16 SB.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 2400 pB8192 sb -k %1 %2 %3 Send Xmodem-1k/CRC/CheckSum SY.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 2400 pB8192 sx -k %1 Send Xmodem/CRC/Sum SX.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 2400 pB8192 sx %1 RECEIVERS Receive Zmodem Batch CRC-32 RZ.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 2400 pB8192 rz Receive Zmodem Batch Mobyturbo RZ.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 2400 ha on pB8192 rz -m Receive Ymodem Batch/CRC-16 RB.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 2400 pB8192 rb Receive Xmodem/-1k/CRC/Sum RY.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 2400 pB8192 rc %1 NOTES: Use SET DSZOPT=y in AUTOEXEC.BAT to enable overwriting existing Files when received. Use SET DSZOPT=r in AUTOEXEC.BAT to enable Crash Recovery of existing Files. Use SET DSZOPT=yt8g in AUTOEXEC.BAT to make all of the above commands return to "tty" mode after Receiving or Sending File(s). Use SET DSZOPT=rt8g in AUTOEXEC.BAT to make all of the above commands return to "tty" mode with Crash Recovery enabled. ____________________________________________________________________________ EXAMPLES of DSZ USAGE with 2400 bps V.22bis MNP/V.42/42bis MODEMS NOTE: Port speed must always be higher than modem speed with MNP or V.42 Zmodem Console Receiver RT.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 9600 ha on est 0 2800 d t -mg8g Zmodem-Z Console Transmitter ST.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 9600 ha on est 0 2800 sz -mZktg8g %1 %2 %3 Ymodem-G Console Transmitter SB.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 9600 ha on est 0 2800 sb -ktg8g %1 %2 %3 The MultiTech MT224EH is a CCITT V.22bis MNP level 5 modem, capable of 280 +/- 5 c.p.s. throughput for ZIP Files using DSZ. The 224E should be configured to disable "compression" for ZIP File transfers; use AT&E14&W0 to do this. Note that RTS/CTS handshaking should be ENABLED -- and that XON/XOFF handshaking is DISABLED (to "flow through") for proper Modem operation. This Modem features "speed conversion". The serial port UART is "locked" at 9,600 Bps and the 224E adjusts automatically to a 1200 or 2400 Bps Host (with or without MNP). TRANSMITTERS for use with the MultiTech & similar 2400 bps modems: Send Zmodem Batch CRC-32/RLE/MOBYTURBO SZ.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 9600 ha on est 0 2800 sz -mZ %1 %2 %3 Send Ymodem Batch/CRC-16/-G SB.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 9600 ha on est 0 2800 sb -k %1 %2 %3 Send Xmodem-1k/CRC/Sum/-G SY.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 9600 ha on sx -k %1 Send Xmodem/CRC/Sum/-O SX.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 9600 ha on sx %1 RECEIVERS for use with the MultiTech and similar 2400 bps MNP modems: Receive Zmodem Batch CRC-32 RZ.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 9600 ha on est 0 2800 rz -m Receive Ymodem Batch/CRC-16 RB.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 9600 ha on est 0 2400 rb Receive Ymodem Batch-G RGB.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 9600 ha on est 0 2800 rb -g Receive Xmodem/-1k/CRC/Sum RY.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 9600 ha on rc %1 Receive Xmodem/-1k/-G RG.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 9600 ha on rc -g %1 Receive Xmodem/-1k/-O RO.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 9600 ha on pO60 ro %1 NOTES: Use SET DSZOPT=y in AUTOEXEC.BAT to enable overwriting existing Files when received. Use SET DSZOPT=r in AUTOEXEC.BAT to enable Crash Recovery of existing Files. Use SET DSZOPT=ytg8g in AUTOEXEC.BAT to make all of the above commands return to "tty" mode after Receiving or Sending File(s). Use SET DSZOPT=rtg8g in AUTOEXEC.BAT to make all of the above commands return to "tty" mode after Receiving or Sending File(s) with Crash Recovery enabled. EXAMPLES of DSZ USAGE with CCITT V.32 MNP/V.42/V.42bis MODEMS Zmodem Console Receiver RT.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 19200 ha on est 0 11000 d t -g8g Zmodem-Z Console Transmitter ST.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 19200 ha on est 0 11000 sz -Zktg8g %1 %2 %3 Ymodem-G Console Transmitter SB.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 19200 ha on est 0 11000 sb -ktg8g %1 %2 %3 The USR 14400 HST, the USR Dual Standard and the new CCITT V.32bis modems are capable of 1728 +/- 20 cps throughput using DSZ to transfer ZIP files The USR modems should be configured to disable "compression" for ZIP File transfers. Use AT&K3&W to do this. Note that RTS/CTS handshaking MUST be ENABLED - and that XON/XOFF handshaking MUST be DISABLED for proper Modem operation. This Modem features "speed conversion". The serial port UART is "locked" at 38,400 Bps and the modem adjusts automatically to a 1200, 2400, 9600 or 14400 bps Host (with or without MNP). Owners of the USR HST, Dual Standard, V.32 and V.32bis modems must replace their 8250 or 16450 UART chip with a NS16550AFN UART to achieve high performance. (about $20 at larger electronics parts stores - you won't find it at Radio Shack - get the part number ending with "AFN" for best performance). TRANSMITTERS for use with 14400 HST's and V.32bis MODEMS: Send Zmodem Batch CRC-32/RLE/MOBYTURBO SZ.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 38400 ha on est 0 17000 sz -mZ %1 %2 %3 Send Ymodem Batch/CRC-16/-G SB.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 38400 ha on est 0 17000 sb -k %1 %2 %3 Send Xmodem-1k/CRC/Sum/-G SY.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 38400 ha on sx -k %1 Send Xmodem/CRC/Sum/-O SX.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 38400 ha on sx %1 RECEIVERS for use with 14400 HST's and V.32bis MODEMS: Receive Zmodem Batch CRC-32 RZ.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 38400 ha on est 0 17000 rz -m Receive Ymodem Batch/CRC-16 RB.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 38400 ha on est 0 14400 rb Receive Ymodem Batch-G RGB.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 38400 ha on est 0 17000 rb -g Receive Xmodem/-1k/CRC/Sum RY.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 38400 ha on rc %1 Receive Xmodem/-1k/-G RG.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 38400 ha on rc -g %1 Receive Xmodem/-1k/-O RO.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 38400 ha on pO60 ro %1 NOTES: Use SET DSZOPT=y in AUTOEXEC.BAT to enable overwriting existing Files when received. Use SET DSZOPT=r in AUTOEXEC.BAT to enable Crash Recovery of existing Files. Use SET DSZOPT=ytg8g in AUTOEXEC.BAT to make all of the above commands return to "tty" mode after Receiving or Sending File(s). Use SET DSZOPT=rtg8g in AUTOEXEC.BAT to make all of the above commands return to "tty" mode after Receiving or Sending File(s) with Crash Recovery enabled. ____________________________________________________________________________ EXAMPLES of DSZ USAGE with EIA RS232-C DIRECT CONNECTIONS Zmodem Console Receiver RT.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 115200 ha on d t -yg8g Zmodem-Z Console Transmitter ST.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 115200 ha on d sz -mZktyg8g %1 %2 %3 Ymodem-G Console Transmitter SB.BAT = DSZ port 1 speed 115200 ha on d sb -ktyg8g %1 %2 %3 Direct connection between computers creates an RS232 "network" by which two operators can communicate at very high speed. PC -to- PC File transfers are useful when two computers have dissimilar removable media or, when they are far apart. By using an appropriate Null Modem Cable between serial ports, two high speed machines can transfer Files at up to 115,200 Bps. IBM PC SERIAL PORT UART SPECIFICATIONS 8250 The PC/XT 8250 Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART) provides nine of the RS232C lines from a DB-25p (25-pin, male) connector. This is the standard PC serial port controller, and is frequently limited to speeds of less than 9600 Bps. Usually adequate for 2400 Bps. 16450 The "AT" 16450 Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART) provides nine of the RS232C lines from a DB-9p (9-pin, male) connector or, from a DB-25p (25-pin, male) connector. It is capable of operating at higher speeds. 16550 The PS/2 16550 Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART) provides nine of the RS232C lines from a DB-9p (9-pin, male) connector and features a 16-byte FIFO port buffer. It is capable of operating at higher speeds than either the 8250 or 16450 UART. NOTE: UART 40-pin DIP devices are pin-compatible and can be upgraded. The NS16550AFN is recommended for any MS-DOS computer running the DSZ Driver. IBM PC SERIAL PORT PLUG SPECIFICATIONS The Serial Port is configured as RS232-C Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) : pin DTE direction signal ( 1) CHS nul chassis ground ( 2) TXD out transmit data ( 3) RXD inp receive data ( 4) RTS out request to send ( 5) CTS inp clear to send ( 6) DSR inp data set ready ( 7) GND nul signal ground ( 8) DCD inp data carrier detect (9/20) DTR out data terminal ready NOTE: The Data Terminal Ready DTR signal is on pin 9 of DB-9p Male connectors and pin 20 of DB-25p. IBM PC to MODEM CABLE CONFIGURATION: STANDARD DTE-DCE signal pin DTE pin DCE signal chassis ground ( 1) CHS ( 1) CHS chassis ground transmit data ( 2) TXD ( 2) TXD transmit data receive data ( 3) RXD ( 3) RXD receive data request to send ( 4) RTS ( 4) RTS request to send clear to send ( 5) CTS ( 5) CTS clear to send data set ready ( 6) DSR ( 6) DSR data set ready signal ground ( 7) GND ( 7) GND signal ground data carrier detect ( 8) DCD ( 8) DCD data carrier detect data terminal ready (9/20) DTR (9/20) DTR data terminal ready NOTE: Connecting a Modem or other Data Communications Equipment device requires a shielded, nine-wire, straight connect cable, with one DB25p Male plug for the device and either a DB9s or DB25s Female socket for the computer. IBM PC to PC CABLE CONFIGURATION: NULL MODEM DTE-DTE signal pin DTE pin DTE signal chassis ground ( 1) CHS ( 1) CHS chassis ground transmit data ( 2) TXD ( 3) RXD receive data receive data ( 3) RXD ( 2) TXD transmit data request to send ( 4) RTS ( 5) CTS clear to send clear to send ( 5) CTS ( 4) RTS request to send data set ready ( 6) DSR (9/20) DTR data terminal ready signal ground ( 7) GND ( 7) GND signal ground data terminal ready (9/20) DTR ( 6) DSR data set ready ( 8) DCD data carrier detect ( 6) DSR data set ready data carrier detect ( 8) DCD data set ready ( 6) DSR NOTES: Connecting a Computer or other Data Terminal Equipment device requires a shielded, nine-wire, "null modem" cable with DB9s or DB25s Female sockets for the two computers. Standard Practice to make a null modem cable is to modify straight-wired cable with an extractor/ insertion tool, switching: 2x3, 4x5, and 6x9 (or 6x20 for DB25) on one end. then... Cut the DCD wire 2" from pin 8 on both ends, and "strap" it to DSR pin 6 by soldering on both ends. Take out the old DCD wire from the cable assembly. ...alternatively the state of Data Carrier on pin eight is ignored by using the "d" parameter. ____________________________________________________________________________ EXAMPLES of DSZ CONFIGURATION for PCBOARD with 14400 HST N None Specified ( always prompts ) X Xmodem/CRC/Sum ( 84% efficiency ) Y Xmodem/-1K/CRC ( 94% efficiency ) O Xmodem/-1K/y-G ( MNP efficiency ) B Ymodem Batch-K ( 94% efficiency ) G Ymodem Batch-G ( MNP efficiency ) Z Zmodem Batch-Z ( 96% efficiency ) UPLOADING PCBOARD FILE PCBRX.BAT @Echo Off Rem Rem %1 COMn: Port Number n Rem %2 COMn: Port Baud Rate Rem %3 Up/Download Pathspec Rem %4 CONNECT (Link) Speed Rem IF exist c:\pcb\$DOOR.LOG Del c:\pcb\$DOOR.LOG >Nul Rem DSZ port %1 speed %2 ha on d z pr1 rc %3 Rem IF errorlevel 1 GoTo ERROR IF not exist %3 GoTo ERROR IF exist c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL Del c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL >Nul GoTo END :ERROR IF exist %3 Del %3 >Nul Copy c:\pcb\PCBERR.OLD c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL >Nul :END PCBOARD FILE PCBRY.BAT @Echo Off Rem Rem %1 COMn: Port Number n Rem %2 COMn: Port Baud Rate Rem %3 Up/Download Pathspec Rem %4 CONNECT (Link) Speed Rem IF exist c:\pcb\$DOOR.LOG Del c:\pcb\$DOOR.LOG >Nul Rem DSZ port %1 speed %2 ha on d z pr1 rc %3 Rem IF errorlevel 1 GoTo ERROR IF not exist %3 GoTo ERROR IF exist c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL Del c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL >Nul GoTo END :ERROR IF exist %3 Del %3 >Nul Copy c:\pcb\PCBERR.OLD c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL >Nul :END PCBOARD FILE PCBRO.BAT @Echo Off Rem Rem %1 COMn: Port Number n Rem %2 COMn: Port Baud Rate Rem %3 Up/Download Pathspec Rem %4 CONNECT (Link) Speed Rem IF exist c:\pcb\$DOOR.LOG Del c:\pcb\$DOOR.LOG >Nul Rem DSZ port %1 speed %2 ha on d z pr1 rc -g %3 Rem IF errorlevel 1 GoTo ERROR IF not exist %3 GoTo ERROR IF exist c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL Del c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL >Nul GoTo END :ERROR IF exist %3 Del %3 >Nul Copy c:\pcb\PCBERR.OLD c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL >Nul :END PCBOARD FILE PCBRB.BAT @Echo Off Rem Rem %1 COMn: Port Number n Rem %2 COMn: Port Baud Rate Rem %3 Up/Download Pathspec Rem %4 CONNECT (Link) Speed Rem IF exist c:\pcb\$DOOR.LOG Del c:\pcb\$DOOR.LOG >Nul Rem DSZ port %1 speed %2 ha bo d est 0 %4 pd0 z pr1 rb -p %3 Rem IF errorlevel 1 GoTo ERROR IF not exist %3 GoTo ERROR IF exist c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL Del c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL >Nul GoTo END :ERROR IF exist %3 Del %3 >Nul Copy c:\pcb\PCBERR.OLD c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL >Nul :END PCBOARD FILE PCBRG.BAT @Echo Off Rem Rem %1 COMn: Port Number n Rem %2 COMn: Port Baud Rate Rem %3 Up/Download Pathspec Rem %4 CONNECT (Link) Speed Rem IF exist c:\pcb\$DOOR.LOG Del c:\pcb\$DOOR.LOG >Nul Rem DSZ port %1 speed %2 ha bo d est 0 %4 pd0 z pr1 rb -gp %3 Rem IF errorlevel 1 GoTo ERROR IF not exist %3 GoTo ERROR IF exist c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL Del c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL >Nul GoTo END :ERROR IF exist %3 Del %3 >Nul Copy c:\pcb\PCBERR.OLD c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL >Nul :END PCBOARD FILE PCBRZ.BAT @Echo Off Rem Rem %1 COMn: Port Number n Rem %2 COMn: Port Baud Rate Rem %3 Up/Download Pathspec Rem %4 CONNECT (Link) Speed Rem IF exist c:\pcb\$DOOR.LOG Del c:\pcb\$DOOR.LOG >Nul Rem DSZ port %1 speed %2 ha on d est 0 %4 pd0 z pr1 rz -mp %3 Rem IF errorlevel 1 GoTo ERROR IF not exist %3 GoTo ERROR IF exist c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL Del c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL >Nul GoTo END :ERROR IF exist %3 Del %3 >Nul Copy c:\pcb\PCBERR.OLD c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL >Nul :END DOWNLOADING PCBOARD FILE PCBSX.BAT @Echo Off Rem Rem %1 COMn: Port Number n Rem %2 COMn: Port Baud Rate Rem %3 Up/Download Pathspec Rem %4 CONNECT (Link) Speed Rem IF exist c:\pcb\$DOOR.LOG Del c:\pcb\$DOOR.LOG >Nul Rem DSZ port %1 speed %2 ha on d sx %3 Rem IF errorlevel 1 GoTo ERROR IF exist c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL Del c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL >Nul GoTo END :ERROR Copy c:\pcb\PCBERR.OLD c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL >Nul :END PCBOARD FILE PCBSY.BAT @Echo Off Rem Rem %1 COMn: Port Number n Rem %2 COMn: Port Baud Rate Rem %3 Up/Download Pathspec Rem %4 CONNECT (Link) Speed Rem IF exist c:\pcb\$DOOR.LOG Del c:\pcb\$DOOR.LOG >Nul Rem DSZ port %1 speed %2 ha on d sx -k %3 Rem IF errorlevel 1 GoTo ERROR IF exist c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL Del c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL >Nul GoTo END :ERROR Copy c:\pcb\PCBERR.OLD c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL >Nul :END PCBOARD FILE PCBSO.BAT @Echo Off Rem Rem %1 COMn: Port Number n Rem %2 COMn: Port Baud Rate Rem %3 Up/Download Pathspec Rem %4 CONNECT (Link) Speed Rem IF exist c:\pcb\$DOOR.LOG Del c:\pcb\$DOOR.LOG >Nul Rem DSZ port %1 speed %2 ha on d sx -k %3 Rem IF errorlevel 1 GoTo ERROR IF exist c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL Del c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL >Nul GoTo END :ERROR Copy c:\pcb\PCBERR.OLD c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL >Nul :END PCBOARD FILE PCBSB.BAT @Echo Off Rem Rem %1 COMn: Port Number n Rem %2 COMn: Port Baud Rate Rem %3 Up/Download Pathspec Rem %4 CONNECT (Link) Speed Rem IF exist c:\pcb\$DOOR.LOG Del c:\pcb\$DOOR.LOG >Nul Rem DSZ port %1 speed %2 ha bo d est 0 %4 sb -k %3 Rem IF errorlevel 1 GoTo ERROR IF exist c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL Del c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL >Nul GoTo END :ERROR Copy c:\pcb\PCBERR.OLD c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL >Nul :END PCBOARD FILE PCBSG.BAT @Echo Off Rem Rem %1 COMn: Port Number n Rem %2 COMn: Port Baud Rate Rem %3 Up/Download Pathspec Rem %4 CONNECT (Link) Speed Rem IF exist c:\pcb\$DOOR.LOG Del c:\pcb\$DOOR.LOG >Nul Rem DSZ port %1 speed %2 ha bo d est 0 %4 sb -k %3 Rem IF errorlevel 1 GoTo ERROR IF exist c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL Del c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL >Nul GoTo END :ERROR Copy c:\pcb\PCBERR.OLD c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL >Nul :END PCBOARD FILE PCBSZ.BAT @Echo Off Rem Rem %1 COMn: Port Number n Rem %2 COMn: Port Baud Rate Rem %3 Up/Download Pathspec Rem %4 CONNECT (Link) Speed Rem IF exist c:\pcb\$DOOR.LOG Del c:\pcb\$DOOR.LOG >Nul Rem DSZ port %1 speed %2 ha on d est 0 %4 sz -km %3 Rem IF errorlevel 1 GoTo ERROR IF exist c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL Del c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL >Nul GoTo END :ERROR Copy c:\pcb\PCBERR.OLD c:\pcb\PCBERR.FIL >Nul :END NOTES: The Xmodem transmitter automatically detects a CRC-16 or CheckSum receiver and adapts. These receivers and transmitters drop DTR if the carrier is lost during a transfer. PCBOARD FILE PCBPROT.DAT N,I,0,None Specified ( always prompts ),N,N,N X,S,128,Xmodem/CRC/Sum ( 84% efficiency ),N,Y,N Y,S,1024,Xmodem/-1K/CRC ( 94% efficiency ),N,Y,N O,S,1024,Xmodem/-1K/y-G ( MNP efficiency ),Y,Y,N B,D,1024,Ymodem Batch-K ( 94% efficiency ),N,Y,N G,D,1024,Ymodem Batch-G ( MNP efficiency ),Y,Y,N Z,D,1024,Zmodem Batch-Z ( 96% efficiency ),N,Y,Y EXAMPLES of DSZ CONFIGURATION for PRODOOR with 14400 HST ; ; UPLOADING ; 94 B 0 R 0 Ymodem Batch-K (94%) DSZ ha both est 0 $C$ pB4096 pd0 z pb1 pr1 rb -p ; 94 Y 0 R 1 Xmodem/-1K/CRC (94%) DSZ ha rts pB4096 z pb1 pr1 rc ; 99 G 1 R 0 Ymodem Batch-G (MNP) DSZ ha bo est 0 $C$ pB4096 pd0 z pb1 pr1 rb -gp ; 99 O 1 R 1 Xmodem/-1K/y-G (MNP) DSZ ha rts pB4096 z pb1 pr1 rc -g ; 96 Z 0 R 0 Zmodem Batch-Z (96%) DSZ ha rts est 0 $C$ pB4096 pd0 z pb1 pr1 rz -mp ; ; DOWNLOADING ; 94 B 0 T 20 Ymodem Batch-K (94%) DSZ ha bo est 0 $C$ pB4096 z pb1 sb -k $@$ ; 94 Y 0 T 1 Xmodem/-1K/CRC (94%) DSZ ha cts pB4096 z pb1 sx -k ; 99 G 1 T 20 Ymodem Batch-G (MNP) DSZ ha bo est 0 $C$ pB4096 z pb1 sb -k $@$ ; 99 O 1 T 1 Xmodem/-1K/y-G (MNP) DSZ ha cts pB4096 z pb1 sx -k ; 96 Z 0 T 20 Zmodem Batch-Z (96%) DSZ ha cts est 0 $C$ pB4096 z pb1 sz -kZm $@$ NOTES: ProDoor provides a Batch Transfer interface to the DSZ Driver and enhances PCBoard's Message and Conference capabilities. ProDoor implements the "RZ" Command which will initiate a Zmodem Batch Receive. Because DSZ sends an rz <cr> to the Receiver at the beginning of a Zmodem Upload, users can Upload Zmodem to the ProDoor Command Prompt. ____________________________________________________________________________ EXAMPLES of DSZ CONFIGURATION for DOS CTTY with 14400 HST RX SX Xmodem/CRC/Sum ( 80% efficiency ) RY SY Xmodem/-1K/CRC ( 90% efficiency ) RO SO Xmodem/-1K/y-G ( 99% efficiency ) RB SB Ymodem Batch-K ( 90% efficiency ) RG SG Ymodem Batch-G ( 99% efficiency ) RZ SZ Zmodem Batch-Z ( 94% efficiency ) It is useful for a Remote Sysop to have File Transfer capability from the DOS "Shell" CTTY Mode. Place these DSZ Batch Files "on the path" of the HOST computer to achieve this. RECEIVERS RX.BAT = DSZ CON port 1 speed 38400 ha on D rc -y %1 RY.BAT = DSZ CON port 1 speed 38400 ha on D rc -y %1 RO.BAT = DSZ CON port 1 speed 38400 ha on D rc -gy %1 RB.BAT = DSZ CON port 1 speed 38400 ha on D rb -y RG.BAT = DSZ CON port 1 speed 38400 ha on D rb -gy RZ.BAT = DSZ CON port 1 speed 38400 ha on D rz -my TRANSMITTERS SX.BAT = DSZ CON port 1 speed 38400 ha on D sx %1 SY.BAT = DSZ CON port 1 speed 38400 ha on D sx -k %1 SO.BAT = DSZ CON port 1 speed 38400 ha on D sx -k %1 SB.BAT = DSZ CON port 1 speed 38400 ha on D sb -k %1 %2 %3 SG.BAT = DSZ CON port 1 speed 38400 ha on D sb -k %1 %2 %3 SZ.BAT = DSZ CON port 1 speed 38400 ha on D sz -mZ %1 %2 %3 NOTES: The DSZ 'CON' Parameter redirects the display to the DOS CON: device for CTTY operations. Alternatively, use >NUL at the end of a line. Because DSZ sends an rz <cr> to the Receiver at the beginning of a Zmodem Upload, Files can be uploaded to the DOS Prompt with SZ Filespec from the Remote Sysop's Console Transmitter. ____________________________________________________________________________ PRO-YAM HOST TeleGodzilla BULLETIN BOARD (DSZ Support) CONNECT: (503) 621-3746 1200, 2400, 9600, 14400 MNP 8-N-1 USRobotics 14400 bps Dual Standard 1200 Telenet D/ORPOR/12 DIRECTORY: Enter DIRD at the Pro-Yam Host prompt to list Files DOWNLOAD: sz DSZ.ZIP - DSZ.COM and DSZ.DOC Fileset DOWNLOAD: sz DSZEXE.ZOO - DSZ.EXE Driver File DOWNLOAD: sz ZCOMMDOC.ZIP - Zmodem Communications Reference DOWNLOAD: sz YZMODEM.ZOO - Ymodem and Zmodem Protocol Reference DOWNLOAD: sz RZSZ.ZOO - Zmodem Source Code in "C" Language DOWNLOAD: sz *.* - Sends all files in the download directory. =============================================================================== DISCLAIMER: It is not our purpose in creating this document to attempt to diminish the work of the program author, but rather to augment a fabulous program with our small contribution in the way of an easier to understand explanation of the otherwise complicated syntax, such that others might also enjoy this program's full potential. We thank Chuck Forsberg, for his untiring effort in revolutionizing data communications with his excellent DSZ Program and his Zmodem file transfer protocol. =============================================================================== Prepared by: Steve Shelton co-Sysop of Sands ProBoard .oOo. Last Update 08/14/91: Bill Garfield co-Sysop of Sands ProBoard with the help of the Sands ProBoard members =============================================================================== SANDS ProBoard, Houston, TX (713) 961-1604 2400 MNP/V.42bis & 9600 HST/V.32bis ===============================================================================